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The software package is a community edition, available for Mac OS X, Windows, and Linux. Some of the many bioinformatics analyses: Yet still a wide variety of features available - and - free!ĬLC Free Workbench creates a software environment enabling users to make a large number of bioinformatics analyses, combined with smooth data management, and excellent graphical viewing and output options. The eight SNPs identified in this study do not appear to be directly related to the adverse reactions displayed by the ivermectin-sensitive Border Collie, suggesting the possibility that these polymorphisms of the ABCB1 gene are related to the interbreed variation in P-gp function seen in dogs.Not a demo. Malfunction of P-gp has often been noted in Collies and can occur either by decreased expression of a functional gene or by a gene mutation that impairs protein concentration or activity. Deformation of protein structure caused by the addition or substitution of a single amino acid also induces several diseases in human and animals. Furthermore, a silent mutation in the ABCB1 gene has been found to be associated with the level of P-gp expression in humans. In the human ABCB1 gene, several SNPs have been identified that can lead to decreased P-gp function. The conformational change of P-gp is important for the protein's role as an efflux pump through interaction between the drug-binding and nucleotide-binding domains. While eight SNPs were found in all of the study Border Collies, an insertion mutation was found only in the ivermectin-sensitive animal. Using the wild-type Border Collie sequence examined in this study as a baseline for comparison, we investigated alterations in the sequence of the ABCB1 gene in an ivermectin-sensitive Border Collie that lacked the expected frameshift mutation. For this reason, we recommend that the ABCB1 gene sequence be confirmed in each breed of dog prior to molecular investigation for mutations. Taking into account interethnic variation in the human ABCB1 sequence, our finding suggests that the canine ABCB1 sequence may demonstrate interbreed variation.

We found eight SNPs in all wild-type Border Collies. Therefore, we first established the ABCB1 coding sequence in wild-type Border Collies and compared that to the wild-type Beagle sequence.

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In dogs, ivermectin sensitivity caused by a nonsense mutation of the ABCB1 gene is a well-recognized phenomenon however, the full sequence of the ABCB1 gene is only available for the wild-type Beagle. Since then, several drugs have been identified as substrates of P-gp. Resistant CHO cells expressed large quantities of a 170-kD protein, subsequently named P-gp. P-gp was first discovered in 1976 in a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line that was selected in culture for colchicine resistance. Keywords: ABCB1, Border Collie, insertion mutation, polymorphism These results suggest the possibility that the SNPs are species-specific features of the ABCB1 gene in Border Collies, and that the insertion mutation may be related to ivermectin intolerance. While the eight SNPs were also found in the family members' sequences, the insertion mutation was found only in the ivermectin-sensitive dog. When compared to the wild-type Beagle sequence, that of the ivermectin-sensitive Border Collie was found to have one insertion mutation and eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the coding sequence of the ABCB1 gene. The sequence was compared to the corresponding sequences of a wild-type Beagle and seven ivermectin-tolerant family members of the Border Collie. In this study, we examined the full-length coding sequence of the ABCB1 gene in an ivermectin-sensitive Border Collie that lacked the aforementioned deletion mutation. In the Border Collie, a nonsense mutation caused by a 4-base pair deletion in the ABCB1 gene is associated with a premature stop to P-gp synthesis. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is encoded by the ABCB1 gene and acts as an efflux pump for xenobiotics.